Chettinad Mushroom Biryani

Instructions

1. 1

   Prepare the Rice & Saffron Milk (15 minutes)

   • Rinse the basmati rice under cold water until the water runs clear, then soak it in fresh water for 30 minutes.
   • In a small bowl, soak the saffron pinch in 2 tbsp of warm milk and set aside.
   • In a large pot, bring 4 cups of water to a rolling boil. Add the bay leaf, 1-inch cinnamon stick (for rice), 2 cloves, 2 green cardamom pods, and 1 tsp of salt.
   • Drain the soaked rice and add it to the boiling water. Cook for 6-8 minutes until the rice is 80% cooked (al dente).
   • Immediately drain the rice in a colander and spread it on a large plate to cool slightly. This prevents it from cooking further.
2. 2

   Prepare the Chettinad Masala (10 minutes)

   • In a dry, heavy-bottomed pan over low-medium heat, add all the ingredients for the masala powder: coriander seeds, cumin seeds, fennel seeds, peppercorns, dried red chilies, star anise, kalpasi, poppy seeds, 1-inch cinnamon stick (for masala), 4 cloves, and 3 green cardamom pods.
   • Dry roast for 2-3 minutes, stirring continuously, until they become fragrant. Do not let them burn.
   • Add the grated coconut and roast for another minute until it's lightly golden.
   • Remove from heat and let the mixture cool down completely.
   • Once cooled, grind everything into a fine powder in a spice grinder or blender.
3. 3

   Cook the Mushroom Gravy (15 minutes)

   • Heat oil in a heavy-bottomed pot or dutch oven over medium heat. Add the sliced onions and sauté for 8-10 minutes until they are soft and golden brown.
   • Add the ginger-garlic paste and slit green chilies. Sauté for 1 minute until the raw aroma disappears.
   • Add the chopped tomatoes and cook for 4-5 minutes until they turn soft and mushy.
   • Stir in the freshly ground Chettinad masala powder and turmeric powder. Cook for 2-3 minutes, stirring constantly, until oil begins to separate from the masala.
   • Reduce the heat to low. Add the whisked curd and mix quickly and continuously to prevent it from curdling. Cook for 2 minutes.
   • Add the sliced mushrooms and 1 tsp of salt. Mix well to coat the mushrooms. Cook for 5-7 minutes until the mushrooms release their water and are tender.
   • Stir in half of the chopped mint and coriander leaves. The gravy for the biryani is now ready.
4. 4

   Layer and Dum Cook the Biryani (20 minutes)

   • Remove half of the prepared mushroom gravy from the pot and set it aside.
   • Spread half of the par-cooked rice evenly over the gravy remaining in the pot.
   • Sprinkle half of the fried onions, half of the remaining mint and coriander leaves. Drizzle 1 tbsp of ghee and half of the saffron milk over the rice.
   • Layer the reserved mushroom gravy evenly over the rice.
   • Top with the remaining rice, creating the final layer. Garnish with the remaining fried onions, mint, coriander, 1 tbsp of ghee, and saffron milk.
   • Cover the pot with a tight-fitting lid. To create a perfect seal ('dum'), you can place a heavy object on the lid or seal the edges with atta dough.
   • Cook on the lowest possible heat for 15-20 minutes. This slow-cooking process allows the flavors to meld beautifully.
5. 5

   Rest and Serve (10 minutes)

   • Turn off the heat and let the biryani rest, still covered, for at least 10-15 minutes. This step is crucial for the flavors to settle and the rice grains to firm up.
   • Open the lid and gently fluff the biryani from the sides using a fork or a flat spatula to mix the layers without breaking the rice grains.
   • Serve hot with a side of cooling cucumber raita or onion pachadi.